Dirt adheres to materials in various ways, generally depending upon the type of dust and material qualities.
(surfactant powder)
1. Fluid oily dust: generally adsorbed on materials via van der Waals forces. Non-polar mineral oil dirt sticks strongly to hydrophobic fibers such as polyester and polypropylene, but is fairly easy to get rid of on hydrophilic cotton fibers.
2. Water-soluble dust: adsorbs snugly on hydrophilic materials such as cotton fibers and is tough to eliminate, but is very easy to diminish on hydrophobic fibers such as polyester and polypropylene.
3. Strong dirt: The adsorption method is intricate, consisting of being clamped by twisted fibers, being covered in between fibers, and being adsorbed on the concave or smooth surface of the fiber surface area.
According to the force classification, the bond of dirt on textiles can be summed up as follows:
( surfactants fight dirt adhesion)
1. Mechanical force bond: solid dirt bits follow the textile with the air flow, which is affected by the density, texture and fiber attributes of the textile. This kind of dust is simple to diminish throughout cleaning, but it is difficult to get rid of when the fragment dimension is much less than 0.1 μm.
2. Van der Waals pressure attachment: triggered by intermolecular electrostatic attraction, induction pressure and dispersion force, it is the major factor for dirt adhesion. Electrostatic attraction is specifically substantial in between fibers and dust with contrary costs, and multivalent cations can improve this adsorption.
3. Chemical bonding pressure bond: Dirt kinds hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and other chemical bonds with fibers, such as clay, fats, healthy protein dust, dyes, ink, and so on. Once firmly bonded, it is hard to get rid of.
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